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Energy bits amaon12/20/2023 ![]() ![]() Now the AWS Center for Quantum Computing has released a theoretical blueprint for a fault-tolerant quantum computer that intrinsically suppresses a major source of errors. However, such strategies often demand high overheads in terms of hardware - for example, they may require more than 1,000 redundant “physical” qubits for every useful “logical” qubit.Īnother strategy involves designing quantum computers that are inherently stable against error. Scientists can compensate for these high error rates using redundant qubits. “If you look at the error rate gap in terms of where the hardware is now and where it needs to be to handle large-scale problems with known societal and commercial benefit, there's about a nine orders of magnitude gap,” says Oskar Painter, head of Amazon Web Services (AWS)'s quantum hardware program and an experimental physicist at the California Institute of Technology. In theory, a quantum computer with 300 qubits could perform more calculations in an instant than there are atoms in the visible universe.Ī critical drawback of current quantum computers is how their inner workings are prone to errors. If two qubits are quantum-mechanically linked, or entangled, they can help perform 2^2 or four calculations simultaneously three qubits, 2^3 or eight calculations and so on. This essentially lets each qubit perform two calculations simultaneously. ![]() Now Amazon has unveiled a new theoretical blueprint for a quantum computer based on combining hardware versions of lots of Schrödinger’s cats.Ĭlassical computers switch transistors either on or off to symbolize data as ones or zeroes, while quantum computers use quantum bits-qubits-that, because of the surreal nature of quantum physics, can exist in a state of superposition where they are both 1 and 0 at the same time. Schrödinger’s cat is a thought experiment in which a quantum event suspends a cat in a box in a nebulous state between life and death: the cat only definitely becomes alive or dead when someone looks in the box. ![]()
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